From Coal to Diamond

Coal and diamond are two forms of carbon but they are completely different. Even though they are both carbon, the difference lies in the structure.

Coal is made up of different, overlapping structures where diamond is made of single, box-like structures. Coal is brittle because these overlapping structures can easily slide past each other. It is easy to create a tiny fracture in this pattern. This fracture will become the bigger break.

Diamond is strong because the structures are arranged like a builder arranging bricks. The structures, when hit, stay intact because the structures are giving each other support and helping them stay intact. See the diagram below to see the differences between coal and diamond.

As we all know, coal is common to find and diamonds are rare. Miners also have to dig deeper to find diamonds. All the diamonds dug out in human history would only fill two Olympic size swimming pools. It is this almost vanishing scarcity that makes diamond so valuable and precious.

Here is my proposal for a futuristic way of changing coal to diamond. We could use the power of AFMs (atomic force microscopes) to view and change the structure of coal atoms to form diamonds. AFMs use the power of the second force, electromagnetism, to view and change the structure of atoms to form other substances.

Thank you!

The End

A rainy day

This is a scenery I drew on a 6 holiday stretch. :-

This is a picture of a rainy day. There is grass, a tree, a house and rain. It reminds me of the 2016 cyclone, Vardhah. But this is in a rural area. The background depicts it.

Space Ship Three - Interstellar spaceship

This is no ordinary spaceship. This is SpaceShipThree!

SpaceShipThree is my proposal for a futuristic spaceplane used for interstellar travel. 

It uses a system called Pulsar Propulsion. Pulsar Propulsion, like all other rockets, makes use of Newtons third law of motion(every action has an equal and opposite reaction) to generate motion. 

Pulsar Propulsion consists of atomic size black holes(read my previous report about black holes: http://pranav.srij.it/2015/06/black-holes.html) that emit jets of radiation. This radiation can be harnessed to power SpaceShipThree.

SpaceShipThree works like this:

• First the jet engine starts and takes the spaceplane to around Mach 2(twice the speed of sound).
• The airelions and rudder help control the spaceplane.
• Then the rocket engines take over and propel the spaceplane to the escape velocity.
• For interstellar travel, everything folds up and the pulsar propulsion system takes over.
• For communications with Earth, SpaceShipThree has a radio reciever and transmitter.

THANK YOU!

THE END

HAVE AN AWESOME DAY ON SpaceShipThree!

The AquaAir

This AquaAir is a prototype of a jet that can fly, swim and run. It has wheels, wings and flippers. The AquaAir is not a regular plane, it launches by...

1. The wheels are folded into the body.
2. High pressure air jets whoosh out from the bottom of the plane.
3. A small but powerful air jet in the back takes action, pushing the plane forward.
4. Finally the wings take lift!

It runs by…

1. It starts the engine.
2. The engine POWERS UP the wheels.
3. The wheels start rotating at high speed.
4. Finally, a powerful air jet in the back takes action for maximum thrust

It swims by...

1. It starts the engine.
2. The engine starts the flippers, when that happens, the flippers start dabbling in water.
3. There it goes!

And that is how the AquaAir works.

Making Hydrogen and Oxygen at home

What is hydrogen.
Hydrogen is a very light gas. Hydrogen atom has 1 proton, 1 neutron and 1 electron. Hydrogen molecule has 2 hydrogen atoms.

How to make hydrogen and oxygen at home.

We can make hydrogen at home. Water has hydrogen and oxygen. By passing electricity through water we can split hydrogen and oxygen.

Here are the steps.

1. take two bottles.
2. make a slit in both bottles.
3. put wires in both bottles
4. fill them with water.
5. keep the bottles upside down in a large plastic container.
6. connect the wires to a 9 volt battery.
7. watch the hydrogen bubbling from the negative wire [cathode] and oxygen bubbling from the positive wire [anode].

See the picture of the experiment down

Black Holes

What is it?

Black holes are remnants of a dead star. They have lots of mass. But they are very small. Black holes are mostly found at the center of galaxies. There is something called the event horizon, after crossing it, nothing can escape!

How much gravity does a BLACK HOLE have?

We do not know. We cannot measure it. But we know that it has Immense gravity and even light can’t escape.

What is gravity

Gravity is the tug between 2 objects. For instance, you and me ,we are pulling on each other, that is exactly why the sun and the earth always stay together.

My thoughts

If we could use the enormous gravity of a black hole and create a worm hole and then use that worm hole to travel to another universe, then we could see what is at the other end of the wormhole.

That would be sooper doooper coooool !!!!

Rocket launchers

A rocket launcher is a powerful thing used for launching spacecrafts such as Apollo 11 into space. It is not the same as a space shuttle.

Some rocket launchers have a command module,service module and lunar module. Some rocket launchers carry people. On the first moon journey, 3 astronauts worked and slept in the command module.

What I have made is a rocket launcher. The rocket launcher i have made is Ares 5 Rocket launcher..